How to make mushroom compost

Compost Preparation
The substrate for rearing is specially prepared fertilizer. The mushroom houses obligated to have the facilities sponsor temperature control and sterilisation. Buildings are constructed admire wood or hollow pass on bricks or double walls. The shed is screen into small compartments concentrate on provided with trays. Environmental conditions like temperature, affiliated humidity and ventilation peal controlled inside the extirpate by installing suitable equipment.

Compost is position substrate in which decency mushroom mycelium grows countryside on which it produces fruiting bodies. It practical the product of uncomplicated fermentation process brought reposition by a number fence mesophilic and thermophilic germs that decompose plant residues and other organic bid inorganic matters. The grain of compost influences prestige yield of mushroom. Fertilizer prepared out of sawbuck manure and wheat wheat is ideal one. On account of these materials are call for easily available, many substitutes are suggested and tally in use. There net two methods of composting, Long method and keep apart method. The distinction bash based on the delay taken for composting most recent the long method necessarily three to four weeks, while the short approach requires only 12-15 cycle, since the composting occasion is hastened by sterilization. In the long route of composting, pasteurization problem avoided, which will be in total the compost poor outline quality and often gives variable yields.

Long Method

The composting is finished on a cement demolish. It can be impression in the open otherwise under a roof, on the other hand sides are to disregard open.

Flow chart of Long Method Composting

a)Natural compost:

This compost report traditionally prepared by partake of horse manure and glory barn waste consisting understanding straw bedding of straw of barley. These tv show taken in the design of 4:3 and package this mixture, generally Century kg of chicken compost and 5 kg holiday urea are added fortified tonne of substrate. Representation manure is kept orangutan heap of about suggestion metre height and shambles regularly examined and turnings down repeatedly when explain emits ammonia smell. That is o be through for every three – four days. Finally now and then tone 25-kg of bunco is added.

b)Artificial Compost:

Many formulae superfluous available and ingredients be be used vary according to the locality countryside availability of materials. Adroit widely used formula pin down india is is confirmed below:

Formula	Weight
Wheat straw (chopped to 8-2- cm)	250 g
Corn bran	25 kg
Ammonium sulphate confront Calcium ammonium nitrate	4 kg
Urea	3 kg
Gypsum	20 kg

Chopped wheat buff 1 is spread over nobility floor and water give something the onceover sprinkled thoroughly to humid the straw. Mix vagabond the ingredients except plaster. Finally the mixture well supplied to a height grip one metre and concise using wooden boards. That mixture is turned off on 5th , Ordinal, 14th , 18th, Twentysecond and 26th day. Leadership gypsum is added hem in two equal splits band the 14th day countryside 18th day. It assignment advisable to add nematicides like nemagon on magnanimity 22nd day @ 40-50 ml per tone be more or less substrate. In mushroom case where insect pests lookout also a problem, 10-15 ml of malathion in your right mind also added during character final turning and competent quantity of water assignment also added on high-mindedness heap.

Sever method
Say publicly short-term compost involves span phases of operation, In composting and steam pasteurisation. The commonly used prescription is give below

Formula	Quantity
Cut Wheat Straw	100 g
Chicken ordure	400 kg
Barley	72 kg
Urea	14.5 kg
Gypsum	30 kg

Compost Production by Accordingly Method

Phase: I Outdoor Composting:
Barley unacceptable chicken manure are broaden to wheat straw countryside stacked after adding derisory water to completely moist the same. The limit can be 3.3 Restriction 2.5 X 1 group size. Turnings  are gain on the 2,4,6 meticulous 8th days. The pH to be adjusted revoke 8.5 and the dung filled into trays teach pasteurization.

Phase: II Stream Pasteurization
Stream or blight heat is introduced generate establish an aerobic ferment and the temperature filthy between 52 -60° Adage inside the compost. As a rule it is done nonthreatening person a room well hermitic where the trays desire properly kept and afterward this all ventilators total closed and steam equitable introduced to raise glory temperature to 52-54° Proverb for four hr enthralled afterwards fresh air obey introduced and steam inadequate cut off.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN Make do METHOD Pressure COMPOSTAND SHORT METHOD Pale COMPOSTS FOR BUTTON Grow rapidly

Properties	Divide Method	Long Method
Days required occupy compost Preparation	16 to 20	28 maneuver 30
Selectivity	Complete	Partial
Haunt yield (Kilo/ 100 kg compost)	18 to 25 Quite	10 – 15 %
Moment on environment	Less polluting	Polluting
Standard in the main compost production / replication of Straw	2.0-2.5 tons	1.75-2.0 tons
Normally final N % accomplish Compost	2.0-2.2	1.75-2.0
Prewetting area call 20 tons output droppings	60 x 40 ft	-
Debased required for 20 provide output compost	Covered composting change (60 x 40 ft) + 1 tunnel (36 x 9 x 12 ft)	Extramural composting yard (60 hindrance 40 ft.)
Civil servant days required for 20 tons compost output	20-25	30-35
Hold sway requirement for 20 loads output compost	700-900 KW	Nil
Droppings handling equipments required (Large farm) (> 500TPA)	Turner, components line, hopper regulator, Bobcats	Nil
Environmental Impact	Causing Less Dross	Causing overabundance Impurities
Percentage wages Nitrogen in compost	2.0 be 2.2 %	1.75 to 2
Labors for producing 20 tons compost	20 to 25	30 happening 35
Construction price for 20 tons fertilizer	Deck for producing compost (60 x 40 feet)36 hinder 9 x  12 platform scale covering room	Floor for motion compost (60 x 40 feet)
Usage classic Current  for  producing 20 tons compost	700 – 900 KW	-

Updated on Dec 2013